/***循环队列基本操作***/ #include #include using namespace std; #define MAXQSIZE 100 #define OK 1 #define ERROR 0 #define OVERFLOW -2 typedef char QElemType; typedef char SElemType; typedef int Status; typedef struct { QElemType *base;//初始化时动态分配存储空间 int front;//头指针 int rear;//尾指针 } SqQueue; //算法3.11 循环队列的初始化 Status InitQueue(SqQueue &Q) {//构造一个空队列Q Q.base = new QElemType[MAXQSIZE]; //为队列分配一个最大容量为MAXSIZE的数组空间 if (!Q.base) exit(OVERFLOW); //存储分配失败 Q.front = Q.rear = 0; //头指针和尾指针置为零,队列为空 return OK; } //算法3.12 求循环队列的长度 int QueueLength(SqQueue Q) {//返回Q的元素个数,即队列的长度 return (Q.rear - Q.front + MAXQSIZE) % MAXQSIZE; } //算法3.13 循环队列的入队 Status EnQueue(SqQueue &Q, QElemType e) {//插入元素e为Q的新的队尾元素 if ((Q.rear + 1) % MAXQSIZE == Q.front) //尾指针在循环意义上加1后等于头指针,表明队满 return ERROR; Q.base[Q.rear] = e; //新元素插入队尾 Q.rear = (Q.rear + 1) % MAXQSIZE; //队尾指针加1 return OK; } //算法3.14 循环队列的出队 Status DeQueue(SqQueue &Q, QElemType &e) {//删除Q的队头元素,用e返回其值 if (Q.front == Q.rear) return ERROR; //队空 e = Q.base[Q.front]; //保存队头元素 Q.front = (Q.front + 1) % MAXQSIZE; //队头指针加1 return OK; } //算法3.15 取循环队列的队头元素 SElemType GetHead(SqQueue Q) {//返回Q的队头元素,不修改队头指针 if (Q.front != Q.rear) //队列非空 return Q.base[Q.front]; //返回队头元素的值,队头指针不变 } int main() { int choose, flag = 0; SqQueue Q; QElemType e, j; cout << "1.初始化\n"; cout << "2.入队\n"; cout << "3.读队头元素\n"; cout << "4.出队\n"; cout << "0.退出\n\n"; choose = -1; while (choose != 0) { cout << "请选择:"; cin >> choose; switch (choose) { case 1://算法3.16 链队的初始化 if (InitQueue(Q)) { flag = 1; cout << "成功对队列进行初始化\n\n"; } else cout << "初始化队列失败\n\n"; break; case 2: {//算法3.17 链队的入队 fstream file; file.open("QNode.txt"); if (!file) { cout << "错误!未找到文件!\n\n" << endl; exit(ERROR); } if (flag) { flag = 1; cout << "入队的元素依次为:\n"; while (!file.eof()) { file >> j; if (file.fail()) break; else { EnQueue(Q, j); cout << j << " "; } } cout << endl << endl; } else cout << "队列未建立,请重新选择\n\n"; file.close(); } break; case 3://算法3.19 取链队的队头元素 if (flag != -1 && flag != 0) cout << "队头元素为:\n" << GetHead(Q) << endl << endl; else cout << "队列中无元素,请重新选择\n" << endl; break; case 4://算法3.18 链队的出队 cout << "依次弹出的队头元素为:\n"; while (DeQueue(Q, e)) { flag = -1; cout << e << " "; } cout << endl << endl; break; } } return 0; }